Which condition would likely result in a state of confusion and cognitive changes?

The condition that would likely result in a state of confusion and cognitive changes is delirium. Delirium is characterized by an acute onset of confusion, attention deficits, and changes in cognition, which can occur due to various factors such as metabolic imbalances, infection, substance withdrawal, or medication side effects. This state often fluctuates throughout the day, leading to periods of lucidity interspersed with confusion.

In contrast, anxiety disorders primarily manifest with excessive worry, fear, or avoidance behaviors, but they do not necessarily lead to acute cognitive changes or confusion. Schizophrenia involves a range of symptoms, including hallucinations and delusions, rather than a predominance of cognitive fluctuations. Affective disorders, such as depression or bipolar disorder, can impact cognitive functioning but are more associated with mood disturbances than with the acute changes seen in delirium. Therefore, delirium stands out as the condition closely linked to sudden confusion and cognitive alteration.