Which of the following is a physical change associated with growth?

The choice highlighting height increase over time is identified as a physical change associated with growth because it directly reflects a measurable and observable alteration in the organism's physical structure. Growth in living organisms typically involves processes such as cell division, enlargement, and differentiation, resulting in increased size or mass. Height increase specifically is a primary marker of physical growth in humans and many other organisms, indicating development and maturation.

In contrast, the other options pertain more to psychological or social aspects rather than physical changes. Emotional resilience reflects psychological strength and coping strategies, improved cognitive function pertains to mental capabilities and intellectual growth, and expanded social networks involve interpersonal relationships. None of these options signify a physical change in the body itself, which is why height increase stands out as the appropriate choice.